Resources for Less Prominent Women of the Apocrypha

Agia 1 Esdras 5:38

• “Agia” by Toni Craven in Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament by Carol Meyers (2001)

Apame 1 Esdras 4:29-31

• “Apame (concubine)” on Wikipedia (2022)

Cleopatra Thea 1 Macc 10:54, 57-58; 11:9-12

• Cleopatras by J.E.G. Whitehorn (1994)

• “Cleopatra Thea” on Wikipedia (January 12, 2023)

• “The Other Cleopatra” by George Taylor in Saudi Aramco World (March/April 1978)

Antiochis 2 Macc 4:30

• “Antiochis” by James Orr in International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915)

Arsinoë 3 Macc 1:1, 4

• “Arsinoë II: Queenmaker of Ptolemaic Egypt” podcast episode on The Exploress (July 11, 2020)

• “Arsinoë II: queen of Thrace and Egypt” by Richard Pallardy in Encyclopedia Britannica (2014)

• “Arsinoe II Philadelphus” by Branko van Oppen in World History Encyclopedia (February 3, 2020)

• “Arsinoe II” in The Medusa Archive (2018)

Zosara Esth 5:10, 14; 6:13

• “Zosara” by Carey A. Moore in Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Hebrew Bible, The Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament by Carol Meyers (2001)

Cleopatra II Esth 11:1 (Addition F)

• “Cleopatra II” in The Medusa Archive (2018)

• “Cleopatra II” on Wikipedia (October 11, 2022)

• “Cleopatra” from Encyclopaedia Judaica on Jewish Virtual Library (2008)

• Cleopatras by J.E.G. Whitehorn (1994)

Deborah (Grandmother of Tobit) Tob 1:8

• “Deborah” on Bible Odyssey (2022)

• “Biblical People: Deborah (3)” by Peter DeHaan on A Bible a Day

• “A Jewish Woman’s Influence on her Son should not be Underestimated” by Amy Jill-Levine in L’Osservatore Romano (December 3, 2022)

• “Book of Tobit” on Wordtrade.com Bible (2012)

• “Raphael and the Virgin Bride” Sermon by Wil Gafney (September 29, 2021)

Edna Tob 7:2-8, 13, 15-16; 8:11-12, 19, 21; 10:12-13; 14:13

• “Edna: Apocrypha” by Beverly Bow on Jewish Women’s Archive (1999)

• “Raphael and the Virgin Bride” Sermon by Wil Gafney (September 29, 2021)